Fra Mauro's world map

  • Introduction
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  • Introduction
  • Historical Context
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      • Venice in the Era of Fra Mauro
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          • Commerce
          • The Trade Routes
          • The Galleys
          • Sailing Ships
      • The Sea and Trade
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          • The Turkish Blockade of the Mediterranean
          • The Circumnavigation of Africa
          • Portuguese Expansion in Africa and into the Indian Ocean
      • Fra Mauro
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          • The Monastery of San Michele
          • Fra Mauro, Cosmographer
          • The Vatican Library Marine Chart
          • The Map at the Monastery of San Michele di Leme
      • The World Map
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          • The World Map
          • South-Up Orientation
          • Geographical Structure
          • The Cosmographic Project
          • The World Before European Expansion
          • From the Mediterranean to the Indian Ocean
          • Navigation in the Indian Ocean: Arab Ships and Chinese Junks
          • The Silk Road
          • The Maritime Silk Road
          • Celebration and Fear of the Sea
  • Interactive Exploration
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      • Explore
      • Cosmographic Space
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          • The Celestial World
          • The Sublunar World
          • The Elements
          • The Garden of Eden
          • Cartouches
      • Geographic Space
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          • Cartouches
          • Wind Rose
          • Kingdoms
          • Provinces
          • Cities
          • Mountains
          • Rivers and lakes
          • Bridges and Roads
          • Temples and Funerary Monuments
          • Oceans, Seas, Gulfs
          • Islands
          • Headlands
          • Ships and Shipwrecks
      • The Parts of the World
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          • The Ancient World
          • ‘Rossia’
          • Africa
          • Ethyopia
          • Taprobana
          • Capo Diab
          • Cathai and Mangi
          • Giava
          • Cipango
          • The Indian Ocean
      • The Places of Marco Polo
      • Legendary Places
      • The Lost Treatise on Cosmography
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          • Reconstructing the Lost Treatise
          • Dedication
          • Preface
          • Cosmographic Space
          • Geographic Space
  • Cosmography and sources
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      • Cosmographic Sources
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          • Problems in Natural Philosophy
          • Scholastic Philosophers and Fathers of the Church
          • Ptolemy
      • Missionaries and Ambassadors
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          • The Mendicant Orders
          • Giovanni da Pian del Carpine
          • William of Rubruck
          • Giovanni da Montecorvino
          • Giovanni de’ Marignolli
          • Odorico da Pordenone
          • The Itinerarium of Odorico da Pordenone
          • From a Mongol Perspective: Rabban Bar Sauma
      • Merchants and Travelers
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          • Marco Polo
          • First Voyage: Niccolò and Matteo Polo
          • Second Voyage: Niccolò, Matteo and Marco Polo
          • Second Voyage: The Return of the Polos
          • Francesco di Balduccio Pegolotti
          • Ruy González de Clavijo
          • Pietro Querini
          • Niccolò di Giovanni Conti
          • The Itinerary of Niccolò de’ Conti
      • Other Sources
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          • Cartographic Sources
          • Andrea Bianco
          • Oral Sources
          • Islamic Sources
          • The Korean Map Honil Kangnido
  • Reception
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      • The Copy of the Map for the King of Portugal
      • Lorenzo de’ Medici’s Copy of the World Map
      • Marco Polo’s World Map
      • The (Mis)Fortune of Fra Mauro
      • The Diffusion of Fra Mauro’s Knowledge
      • The Rediscovery of Fra Mauro
      • The First Photographic Editions
      • Photographic reproductions
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          • 1806 – Placido Zurla
          • 1854 – Segundo Visconde de Santarém
          • 1873 - Carlo Naya
          • 1942 - Fratelli Alinari - eng
  • Mappae Mundi
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      • 762-777 – Pseudo-Isidore of Seville
      • 1086 – Beatus de Liébana
      • 1100-1125 – Beatus de Liébana
      • 1210-1220 – Beatus de Liébana
      • 1230 ca. – Ebstorf Map
      • 1250-1280 - Vercelli Mappa mundi
      • 1375 ca. – Atlas catalan
      • 1442 – Giovanni Leardo
      • 1448 – Giovanni Leardo
      • 1452 – Giovanni Leardo
      • 1450 ca. – Borgia map
      • 1436 – Andrea Bianco
      • 1448 – Andreas Walsperger
      • 1457 – “Genoese” Mappa mundi
      • 1460 ca. – The Catalan Planisphere
      • 1465-1500 – [Benedetto Cotrugli]
      • 1460 – [Benedetto Cotrugli]
      • 1470 ca. – [Benedetto Cotrugli]
      • 1300 ca. – Hereford Mappa mundi
  • Designing the World
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      • Ptolemy’s Projections
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          • The Ancient World
          • Ptolemy’s Geography
          • Cartographic Projection
          • Ptolemy’s First Projection
          • Ptolemy’s Second Projection
          • Ptolemy’s Third Projection
      • Ptolemy in Venice
      • The Size of the World
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          • Ptolemy’s World
          • Fra Mauro’s World
          • The Size of the Inhabited World
      • A Cartographic Model at its Limits
      • The World Map
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          • The concept
          • Drawing method
  • Land and Sea
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      • Fra Mauro’s Marine Chart
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          • The Marine Chart
          • Explore
          • Cartouches
          • Rivers and Lakes
          • Roads
          • Wind Rose
      • Marine Charts
      • Navigation and Celestial Observation
      • Measuring Time
      • Astronomical Instruments for Navigation
      • The Ships
      • Dead reckoning
      • Astronomical Navigation
      • The Ship’s Position
      • Latitude
      • Longitude
      • Magnetic declination
      • Magnetic Compass
      • The Wind Rose
      • Techniques of Navigation
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          • The “Rule of Marteloio”
          • The “Tablet of Marteloio”
          • The “Circle and Square”
  • Digital Library
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  • Bianco, Andrea, Atlante nautico 1436

  • Collina, Abondio, Considerazioni istoriche di d. Abondio Collina sopra l'origine della bussola nautica nell'Europa e nell'Asia. In Faenza : presso l'Archi impress. vescovile, camerale e del S. Uffizio, 1748

  • Cordier, Henri, Les voyages en Asie au XIVe siècle du bienheureux frère Odoric de Pordenone, religieux de Saint-François / publ. avec une introd. et des notes par Henri Cordier. Paris : E. Leroux, 1891

  • Domenichelli, Teofilo, Sopra la vita e i viaggi del beato Odorico da Pordenone dell'Ordine de' Minori : studi con documenti rari e inediti / Teofilo Domenichelli. Prato : R. Guasti, 1881

  • Fortunio, Agostino, Historiarum Camaldulensium, pars posterior : ubi ab origine templi, atque coenobij classis, et sanctissimi patris Romualdi conversione, describuntur reliquorum monasteriorum exordia, et incrementa, privilegia, et monachi sanctitate, dignitate, vel doctrina praestantes : item habetur vita beati Petri Damiani cardinalis Ostiensis, cum multis aliis, quae antiquitatem illustrant, et ostendunt / Augustino monacho Angelorum Florentiae auctore. Venetjis : ex typographia Guerraea, 1579

  • Freducci, Angelo, Atlante nautico 1556

  • Giovanni da Pian del Carpine, Opera dilettevole da intendere, nella qual si contiene doi itinerarij in Tartaria, per alcuni frati dell'Ordine minore, e di s. Dominico mandati da papa Innocenzo IIII, nella detta provincia de Sathia per ambasciatori, non più vulgarizata. Stampata in Vinegia : per Giovan' Antonio de Nicolini da Sabio, 1537

  • González de Clavijo, Ruy, Narrative of the embassy of Ruy Gonzalez de Clavijo to the court of Timour at Samarcand, A.D. 1403-6 / translated for the first time, with notes, a preface, and an introductory life of Timour Beg by Clements R. Markham. London : printed for the Hakluyt Society, 1859

  • Mittarelli, Giovanni Benedetto, Bibliotheca codicum manuscriptorum S. Michaelis prope Murianum una cum Appendice librorum impressorum saeculi XV / opus posthumum Johannis-Benedicti Mittarelli ... Venetiis : ex Typographia Fentiana sumptibus praefati monasterii, 1779

  • Mittarelli, Giovanni Benedetto, Tomus septimus complectens res gestas ab anno Christi 1431 ad annum 1515. Venetiis : prostant apud Jo. Baptistam Pasquali, 1762

  • Odorico da Pordenone, Odorichus De rebus incognitis. [S.l.] : Impressum Esauri, 1513

  • Ramusio, Giovanni Battista, Delle navigationi et viaggi nel qual si contiene la descrittione dell'Africa, et del paese del Prete Ianni, con varii viaggi. In Venetia : nella Stamperia de Giunti, 1550-1559

  • Ruysbroek, Willem, The journey of William of Rubruck to the eastern parts of the world, 1253-55 : as narrated by himself / with two accounts of the earlier journey of John f Pian de Carpine ; tr. from the Latin and ed., with an introductory notice, by William Woodville Rockhill. London : printed for the Hakluyt Society, 1900

  • Santarém, Manuel Francisco de Barros e Sousa, visconde de, Atlas composé de mappemondes, de portulans et de cartes hydrographiques et historiques depuis le VIéme jusqu'au XVIIëme siècle : pour la plupart inédites, et tirées de plusieurs bibliothèques de l'Europe, devant servir de preuves à l'historie de la cosmographie et de la cartographie pendant le Moyen Age et à celle des progrès de la géographie, après les découvertes maritimes et terrestres du XVeme siècle, effectuées par les Portugais, les Espagnols, et par d'autres peuples / recueillies et gravées sous la direction du Vicomte de Santarém. Paris : Imp. par E. Thunot et Ce., 1849 [i.e 1849 -1855]

  • Yabhalaha, III, patriarca dei nestoriani, Histoire de Mar Jabalaha III, Patriarche des Nestoriens (1281-1317) : et du moine rabban Cauma ... / traduite du syriaque et annotée par J.-B. Chabot. Paris : E. Leroux, 1895

  • Zeroldi, Jacopo, Atlante nautico 1443

  • Zurla, Placido, Il mappamondo di Fra Mauro camaldolese / descritto ed illustrato da D. Placido Zurla dello stess̉ordine. Venezia : [s.n.], 1806

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